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Understanding Eczema: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

Introduction

Did you know that eczema affects over 31 million Americans? This common skin condition can impact the quality of life for both children and adults. Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a chronic condition that often flares up in response to various triggers, leaving the skin red, itchy, and inflamed.

In this article, we will explore what it is, the common symptoms, potential causes, and the best treatment options available. We’ll also provide tips on managing flare-ups and discuss when to see a dermatologist. By the end, you’ll have a deeper understanding and how to manage it effectively. For more information on more treatments, visit here.

While this article spells out some important information about Eczema, we highly recommend you read the full article, here are the key points we will focus on:

Table of Contents

Eczema vs Rosacea

What is Eczema and What Causes It?

Eczema is a skin condition characterized by inflamed, irritated skin that can flare up in response to various triggers. While the exact cause is not fully known, it is thought to be linked to both genetic predisposition and environmental factors.

Several factors contribute to the development, including:

  • Genetic Factors: People with a family history of eczema or related conditions like asthma are more likely to develop it.
  • Immune System: An overactive immune response can cause inflammation, leading to the red and itchy patches characteristic of eczema.
  • Environmental Triggers: Things like harsh soaps, detergents, pollen, and even stress can trigger flare-ups in people with sensitive skin.

 

While eczema is chronic, understanding its causes can help you manage it more effectively and reduce flare-ups. 

What Are The Most Common Symptoms Of Eczema?

Eczema symptoms can vary from person to person, but certain signs are common across most cases. Recognizing these symptoms early can help in managing the condition more effectively.

Some of the most frequent symptoms include:

  • Itchy skin: One of the hallmark signs of eczema, the itching can be mild to severe and often worsens at night.
  • Red or inflamed patches: These typically appear on areas like the face, neck, hands, and the insides of elbows or knees.
  • Dry, scaly skin: Eczema often causes the skin to become dry, flaky, and prone to cracking.
  • Thickened or leathery skin: Over time, areas affected by frequent scratching may become thickened, a condition known as lichenification.

 

According to the National Eczema Association, approximately 10-20% of children and 1-3% of adults in the U.S. suffer from eczema, showing just how widespread this condition is. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential in preventing the worsening of these symptoms.

What Are The Best Treatment Options For Eczema?

Eczema can be managed through various treatment options, depending on the severity of the condition and individual needs. Treatments aim to reduce symptoms, prevent flare-ups, and repair the skin barrier.

Here are some of the most effective treatment options:

  • Moisturizers: Regular use of fragrance-free, thick moisturizers helps to hydrate the skin and restore the skin barrier, reducing dryness and irritation.
  • Topical corticosteroids: These anti-inflammatory creams or ointments are commonly prescribed to reduce itching and redness during flare-ups.
  • Prescription medications: In cases of moderate to severe eczema, doctors may prescribe stronger medications, such as topical calcineurin inhibitors or oral medications, to control the immune response.
  • Phototherapy: Light therapy (UV therapy) is sometimes recommended for patients with severe eczema who don’t respond well to topical treatments.
  • Avoiding triggers: Identifying and avoiding environmental triggers, such as harsh soaps, allergens, or stress, can help prevent flare-ups.

 

Your dermatologist will recommend a treatment plan based on the severity and your specific needs. For a personalized treatment plan, visit Bryn Mawr Dermatology.

Who Is Most At Risk Of Developing Eczema?

While eczema can affect people of all ages, certain factors can increase the likelihood of developing the condition.

People more likely to develop it include:

  • Children: Eczema often appears in early childhood, with many cases emerging before the age of five.
  • People with a family history of atopic conditions: If your close family members have eczema, allergies, or asthma, you’re at higher risk.
  • Individuals in dry or polluted environments: Those exposed to harsh climates or pollution may be more prone to skin irritations and flare-ups.

What Triggers Eczema Flare-Ups?

Eczema flare-ups can be caused by everyday environmental and lifestyle factors, even if your symptoms are usually well-controlled.

Common triggers include:

Changes in weather: Extreme hot or cold conditions can irritate the skin, leading to flare-ups.

  • Exposure to allergens: Pollen, dust mites, and other common allergens can provoke it in sensitive individuals.
  • Stress: Emotional or physical stress can often lead to worsening symptoms, even when managed otherwise.
  • Harsh skin products: Soaps or lotions with strong fragrances or chemicals can further irritate sensitive skin.

When to See a Dermatologist for Eczema?

If your eczema symptoms persist despite using over-the-counter treatments or begin to worsen, it’s important to consult a dermatologist. Signs of infection, such as swelling or oozing, also require medical attention. Additionally, if eczema is affecting your sleep or daily life due to severe itching or discomfort, seeking professional help can lead to better management and relief. A dermatologist can develop a personalized treatment plan to help control your symptoms and prevent future flare-ups.

How Can Bryn Mawr Dermatology Treat Eczema?

Managing eczema effectively requires expert care, and at Bryn Mawr Dermatology, we offer personalized treatment plans tailored to your specific needs. Whether you’re experiencing mild flare-ups or dealing with more severe symptoms, our experienced dermatologists will work with you to create a strategy that addresses your unique concerns.

Bryn Mawr Dermatology stands out by offering a patient-centered approach, combining cutting-edge treatments with compassionate care. We take the time to understand your lifestyle, identify triggers, and recommend the most effective therapies to control your eczema, whether that involves prescription medications, phototherapy, or personalized skincare routines. Our practice provides a welcoming environment and utilizes advanced techniques to ensure you receive the highest standard of care.

If you’re ready to take control, schedule a consultation with Bryn Mawr Dermatology today. Call 610-525-7800 to book an appointment with one of our experts and start your journey to healthier skin.

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Bryn Mawr Dermatology

Content Review Committee at Bryn Mawr Dermatology

Led by Board Certified Dermatologist, Christine Stanko, MD, FAAD, Bryn Mawr Dermatology incorporates a patient-focused outlook in every decision since we first opened our doors on the Main Line in 2005.
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By: Bryn Mawr Dermatology, Published: September 23, 2024
Medically Reviewed By: Christine Stanko, MD, FAAD – September 20, 2024

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